Onco-reconstructive surgery in plastic surgery refers to procedures that involve the reconstruction of body structures, often after the removal of cancerous tumors or tissues. The term “onco” is derived from “oncology,” which is the branch of medicine focused on the study and treatment of cancer. Onco-reconstructive surgery plays a crucial role in restoring both form and function after cancer-related surgeries.
Common procedures in onco-reconstructive surgery may include:
Breast Reconstruction: After a mastectomy (surgical removal of the breast), breast reconstruction can be performed to restore the breast’s appearance. Various techniques, including implants or autologous tissue transfer (using the patient’s own tissue, such as from the abdomen), may be used.
Head and Neck Reconstruction: For cancers affecting the head and neck, reconstructive surgery may involve restoring facial features, jaw function, or soft tissue defects. Flap procedures, grafts, and other techniques can be employed.
Skin Cancer Reconstruction: After the removal of skin cancer, reconstructive surgery may be needed to repair the affected area. This can involve skin grafts, flap procedures, or other techniques to achieve optimal cosmetic and functional outcomes.
Mohs Surgery Reconstruction: Mohs micrographic surgery is a technique used to treat skin cancer with minimal damage to healthy tissue. Reconstructive surgery may follow Mohs surgery to repair the wound and preserve aesthetics and function.
Soft Tissue Sarcoma Reconstruction: Sarcomas are tumors that can develop in soft tissues. Surgical removal may require reconstructive procedures to restore the affected area.
Onco-reconstructive surgery often involves collaboration between plastic surgeons and oncologists to develop a comprehensive treatment plan. The primary goals are not only to remove cancer but also to achieve the best possible cosmetic and functional outcomes for the patient. The timing and extent of reconstruction may vary depending on factors such as the type and stage of cancer, the patient’s overall health, and the surgical approach used for cancer removal.
Patients undergoing onco-reconstructive surgery should have thorough discussions with their healthcare team to understand the available options, potential outcomes, and the overall treatment plan. This collaborative approach helps ensure that both cancer treatment and reconstructive efforts are aligned with the patient’s well-being and desired results.
