Onco-reconstructive surgery in plastic surgery refers to reconstructive procedures performed to restore the form and function of areas affected by the removal of cancerous tumors or tissues. The term “onco” is derived from “oncology,” which is the branch of medicine focused on the study and treatment of cancer. In the context of plastic surgery, onco-reconstructive procedures are designed to address the aesthetic and functional consequences of cancer surgery.

Common scenarios in which onco-reconstructive surgery may be considered include:

1. Breast Reconstruction: After a mastectomy (surgical removal of the breast) due to breast cancer, onco-reconstructive surgery can be performed to rebuild the breast. This may involve techniques such as implant-based reconstruction or autologous tissue transfer (using the patient’s own tissue, such as from the abdomen).

2. Head and Neck Reconstruction: Cancers affecting the head and neck may require surgical removal, leading to defects in the facial structures. Onco-reconstructive surgery can involve restoring facial features, jaw function, and soft tissue defects through techniques such as flap procedures and grafts.

3. Skin Cancer Reconstruction: Following the removal of skin cancers, especially in areas with a significant impact on appearance, onco-reconstructive surgery may be necessary to repair the defect. This can involve skin grafts, local flaps, or other methods to achieve optimal cosmetic outcomes.

4. Soft Tissue Sarcoma Reconstruction: Sarcomas are tumors that can develop in soft tissues. Surgical removal may result in the need for reconstructive procedures to restore the affected area.

The onco-reconstructive surgeon works in collaboration with oncologists and other members of the medical team to develop a comprehensive treatment plan. The primary goals are to eliminate cancer while also achieving the best possible cosmetic and functional outcomes for the patient. The timing of onco-reconstructive surgery may vary depending on factors such as the type and stage of cancer, the patient’s overall health, and the surgical approach used for cancer removal.

Patients undergoing onco-reconstructive surgery should have thorough discussions with their healthcare team to understand the available options, potential outcomes, and the overall treatment plan. This collaborative approach helps ensure that both cancer treatment and reconstructive efforts are aligned with the patient’s well-being and desired results.